Means for and method of producing concrete piles



Jan. 23, 1923. Y l 1,443,306

M. BLUMENTHAL. MEANS FOR AND METHOD oF PRoDUclNG CONCRETE PILES.

FILED Aus. 5, 15H9'.v 2 EEEE TssHEET l Jam. 23, 1923. 1,443,306

M. BLUMENTHAL. MEANS FOR AND METHOD oF PRoDUcING CONCRETE PILES.

FILED AUG. 5, 1919, 2 sHEETs-sHEET 2 @331g @Moz/14mg Patented Jan. 23,1923.

UNITEDl STATES MAURICE BLUMENTHAL, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

MEANS FOR AND METHOD OF PRODUCING CONCRETE PILES.

Application led August 5, 1919. Serial No. 315,461.

T0 all 'whom t may concern.:

Be it known that I, MAURICE BLUMEN- THAL, residing at Brooklyn. in thecounty of Kings and Sta-te of New York, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Means for and Methods of Producing ConcretePiles', of which the following is a specification.

1Thisinvention relates to a means for and method of producing concretepiles in the earth, the present application being a companion to mypending application Serial No. 315,460.

An object of the invention is to provide a pile having extensiveprojections laterally thereon, said projections, or arms, being extendedinto the surrounding earth so as to provide additional bearing surfaceof the pile against the earth to thereby increase the efficiency of thepile in sustaining such weights as may be applied to the upper end ofthe pile.

A further objectis to provide a pile in which the extensions, or arms,are formed of the concrete material of the pile and in which theextensions are provided with metallic reinforcing means extending intothe body of the pile.

A further object is to provide a pile having the above characteristicsand in which no shell or container of any, kind is necessarily allowedto remain in the earth after the pile is completed.

A further object is to provide a simple and efficient method whereby toinsure the formation of the lateral arms upon .the pile.

A further object is to provide a method in which the reinforcingelements for the lateral arms are themselves made use of in theformation of pockets within the earth, which pockets are adapted toreceive the concrete material for the arms.

Other objects and aims of the invention, more or less specific thanthose referred to above, will be in part obvious and in part pointed outin the course of the following description of the elements,combinations, arrangements of parts and applications of principles,constituting the invention; and the scope of protection contemplatedwill be indicated in the appended claims. i

In the accompanyingdrawings which are to be taken as a part of thisspecification, and in which I have shown merely a preferred form .ofembodiment of the inver;q tion;

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating the first step inthe course of constructing a pile in accordance with this invention.

Figs. 2 and 3 are views similar to that shown in Fig. l, butillustrating successive further steps in the work of forming the pile.

Fig. 4: is a side elevational view of a completed pile.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to that shown in Fig. 4 but illustrating amodification, and

Fig. 6 is a top plan view of a modified form of the arm-forming andreinforcing element.

IVhile the drawings herein illustrate the pile former, or shell,4 asbeing of the nonsectional type, yet it will, of course, be understoodthat a sectional shell may be employed in many instances and that theobjects of this invention may be attained equally well with either typeof shell.

Referring to the drawings, and particu-V larly to the structure shown inFigs. 1 to 4, for describing in detail the features therein illustrated,the reference character L indicates a pile former or shell, and thereference character (i indicates a nose piece positioned at the lowerend of the'shell for facilitating the driving ofthe shell into theearth.

After the shell L, with its nose piece G, has been driven into theearth, as indicated in Fig. 1, and before the pouring in of theconcrete, the shell is lifted a slight distance, as indicated in Fig. 2.With the shell in this position one of the arm forming and reinforcingelements, as H, is lowered into the shell and into engagement with aguide plate 1 previously lowered. In some instances it may be desirableto place the guide plate and the former H within the shell before theshell is raised.

MA driving weight 2 is then lowered into the shell and is employed fordrivlngthe former H downwardly and outwardly into the earth below thelower edge of the lifted shell. the former AH at` different periodsoccupying the successive. positions indicated by the dotted lines inFig. 2.

The former H may be of any appropriate construction, its essentialcharacteristics being simply that blows, or other appropriate operationthereupon will cause por* tions of the former to be forced outwardlyinto the surrounding earth, the operation Vterial of the preferablyserving to scoop out pockets, as 3, within the earth communicating withthe interior of the shell. Y

1n the instance illustrated, the former consists simply of two members,as 4 and 5, pivotally connected together, as atA6. -The rmembers 4 and 5yare of U-shape cross section, each providing a top wall 7 havingopposite side flanges 8 thereon. from the weight 2 are applied at the pivot 6 and the lower ends of the members 4 and 5 are thus caused toslide or cam over the opposite edges of the guide plate 1, the top walls7 of said members then serving to scoop out and press back the earthymaterial so that- `when the members 4 and 5 are inv their finalpositions, as seen in Fig. 3, they will constitute ro'of portions forthe pockets 3 which have been formed by their movement. The flanges 8serve to hold the top wallsI lifted away from the guide plate so as toform suitably proportioned passages 9. communi- -cating between thepockets 3 and the interior of the shell.

The former is allowed to remain in this position, the weight '2 iswithdrawn and a quantity of concrete material of suitable consistency isintroduced into the shell and is allowed to flow outwardly thru thepassages 9 into the ockets 3 filling said pockets and passa-ges. /loreof the concrete material is thenl introduced. The lifting of the shelland the lpouringin of more concrete material may then progress until thepile is completed without introducing more of the formers H.v

The concrete material which has flowed into the pockets 3 forms the arms10 and is integral with the concrete material of the main b-odyof thepile. The members 4 and 5 of the former H comprise portions of said armsand effectually reinforce the arms since they extend Jfrom connectedrelation within the body outwardly over the upper surfaces of theconcrete material of the arms.

Wherever it is desired to provide more of the arms 10 this may bereadily accomplished by\ simply introducing additional guide plates 1and formers H at different levels as the filling in of the concretemaile progresses, as is clearly indicated by t e illustration Fig. 3.The operation in each instance will be thesame as has already beendescribed for the lowern `concrete material 1n pile formation., an1nmost arms.

In this way the piles, having a multi. plicity of arms, such as areillustrated in' Figs. 4 and 5, may be formed. The nose piece G isallowed to remain in the earth and serves as a` suitable founda' tiondirectly beneath the main body of the pile after the pile is completed.`

In the illustration Fig. 5 the construction land mode of operation forproducing the r1he blows pile of this figure is substantially the sameas has already been described except that inthis figure is illustrated aseparate auxiliary shell, or container 11 for the concrete material,which auxiliary shell 1s allowed to remain in the earth after the mainshell L isremoved. The shell v11 may be of thin sheetmetal, or it may beof any other appropriate material, such as paper or the. like, asindicated in my pending appllcation Serial No. 306,134, and it'may beintroduced into position eitherl after the main shell Lis sunk into theearth or it may be i placed around the outer surface of the shell L andsunk into the earththerewith, as may be found most rappropriate andconvenient.

Where the auxiliary shell 11 is present the formers H simply tear thruthe material thereof in the process of forming pockets 3 for the arms10i The presence of the auxiliary shell may be of importance in somecases, for instance, where the surrounding earth is of a soft orunstable character. In these cases the auxiliary shell will Aserve tomaintain the mam body of thepile in proper pile formation during thesetting period.

Also, where the auxiliary shell is closed at `its bottom end, or isotherwise waterproof,

as suggested-in .the co-pending application referred'to, said shell willserve to prevent the ingress of soft earth or of water thereinto duringthe sinking of the shell Ly into the earth and prior to the introductionof the formers H.

1n the Amodification Fig. 6 an arm-forming element is indicated whichconsists of four separate formers or reinforcing members 12 allpivotally connected to a single central member 13. This type of formermay be employed in some instances where the earth is suitably soft andwhere it is desired to provide greater bearing surface upon the earth.

As many changes could be made in lthis construction, without departingfrom the scope of the following claims, it is intended that allmatter'contained in the above description, or shown in the accompanyingv -drawings, shall be interpreted as illustrative only and not in alimiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I. claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A concrete pile comprising a body of tegral arm of the concretematerial projecting laterally from said body, and a reinforc-l ingmember for said arm engaging the iio upper surface thereof andprojecting into embedded relation within the body.

2. A concrete pile comprising a body of concrete material in'pileformation, a plurality .of integral arms of the concrete materialprojecting laterally from said opening, said former being intended toremain in position after the placing of the concrete and comprisingparts adapted to extend between the pocket and the pileshaped opening soas to reinforce the connection between the concrete within said pocketand the concrete within said opening.

4. rIhe herein described method of forming'a concrete pile whichconsists in pro- `viding a. shell, sinking said shell into the earth,introducing a pocket forming element into the shell, lifting the shellfor` a short distance, thereafter forcing said pocket forming elementoutwardly beneath the lower edge of the shell into the surrounding earthfor forming a pocket in the earth communicating with the opening left bythe lifting of the shell, and then filling said pocket with concretematerial extending into the opening beneath the shell.

5. The herein described method of forming a concrete pile having aplurality of lateral arms formed thereon at Idifferent points iny thelength of the pile, which consists in forming a pile-shaped openingwithin the earth, forming a pocket in the Wall of said opening, placinga quantity of concrete material within said opening to fill the pocketand to partly fill the opening, utilizing the topy portion of theconcrete material Within the opening as an operating support by the aidof which to form another pocket linthe wall of said opening at a.v levelabove the first pocket, placing a second quantity of concrete materialwithin said opening to lill the second pocket and to further lill theopening and thereafter continuing in accordance with the number of armsdesired.

6. A concrete pile comp-rising a bodyof concrete material in pileformation, va plurality of pairs of arms of the. concrete materialprojecting laterally from said body, the arms of each pair beingdisposed to project from substantially diametrically opposite sides ofthe body, and a plurality of separately formed reinforcing elements onefor each pair of arms, said reinforcing elements extending transverselythru the body and proj ectingl from opposite sides thereof intoreinforcing relation with the respective arms. A

7. The herein described method of forming within the earth av concretepile having a reinforced laterally extending integral concrete armthereon which method consists of forming a pile-shaped opening Withinthe earth, introducing a former into said opening, operating said formerto form a pocket within the earth inthe Wall of said opening, saidoperation leaving said former extending between said opening and saidpocket,

and then 'filling said opening and said pocket with concrete materialwhile said former remains to constitute reinforcing means for the arms.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of twoWitnesses.

MAURICE BLUMENTHAL.

